The diet of Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) captured by bottom longline in the Ross Sea during the 2001 and 2002 fishing seasons was analysed (3 937 and 5 426 stomachs examined respectively). Fish sampled in 2001 were caught at depths of 317 to 2 154 m and ranged from 58 to 190 cm in total length (TL). Fish sampled in 2002 were caught at depths of 815 to 1 623 m and ranged from 62 to 197 cm TL. A high proportion of stomachs were empty (34% in 2001 and 49% in 2002) and the remaining stomachs often contained prey in advanced stages of digestion, making prey identification difficult. Fish were the most important prey category (%F = 86 in 2001 and %F = 77 in 2002), in particular icefish (family Channichthyidae) and Whitson’s rattail (Macrourus whitsoni). Squid, bait and prawns followed in importance in the diet.